Revista Intercontinental de Psicología y Educación

Presentación

Carlos Ramírez Cacho — 2025-02-13

Problematization and object of study.

Jorge Luis Paz Vázquez — 2025-02-13

The objective of this article is to explain in a synthetic way the complex framework of problematization and the construction of the object of study in the research of Human and Social Sciences, understanding it as the starting
point in the production of knowledge of said sciences. This is an introductory synthesis aimed at students or anyone who is taking their first steps in research, where two core processes of scientific research are addressed without falling into schematisms or manual recipes and, against that
narrow and reductionist vision that considers these synchronous
processes of investigative praxis, a simple moment of topic selection.
The introduction begins with the controversy of science and the importance of knowing the debates that have occurred between natural sciences and human
and social sciences to take an epistemic and methodological
position as a research subject. Then, we talk about the problematization
and construction of the object of study, as well as the guidelines and intellectual implications for its realization, and finally for its reconstruction
as a dialectic of research closely linked to the epistemic position of the researcher.

Psychological Treatment for Health Professionals during the covid-19 Pandemic

Eduardo Vidal — 2025-02-13

The sars-CoV-2 (covid-19) pandemic has intensely impacted the mental health of healthcare professionals. The clinical research literature describes various interventions to address these problems. The present study aimed to evaluate the clinical effect of a remote psychological intervention on healthcare professionals during the pandemic. Method: Thirty professionals working in hospital services participated: in medicine, nursing, psychology, chemistry, and social work; from several public hospitals. Their mean age was 39 years (SD = 10. 7). The study used a pre-experimental intrasubject pre-post design, with additional follow-ups. Measurement involved symptoms of depression, anxiety, acute stress, burnout, suicidal ideation, and satisfaction with the intervention. Therapists conducted the intervention by telephone or video call, and the number of sessions depended on each participant's therapeutic needs and goals. The intervention used guidelines and manuals, and therapists were trained and supervised before and during the study. Results: Using a nonparametric test and Cardiel’s clinical change formula, clinically and statistically significant improvements were detected in pre-post measurements for the following symptoms: depressive Z = - 4. 533, p = 0. 001), anxiety (Z = -4. 544, p = 0. 001), acute stress (Z = -4. 705, p = 0. 001), suicidal ideation (Z = -3. 070, p = 0. 002) and occupational burnout (Z = -4. 611, p = 0. 001). Discussion: The remote intervention showed effectiveness in treating these conditions in the context of the covid-19 pandemic.

Contextual renewal of an instrumental response supressed by punishment

Roberto Jiménez — 2025-02-13

A change in the extinction context´s characteristics produces the reappearance of the extinct behavior, is known as contextual renewal. This experiment explored the contextual renewal of a previously extinguished response using a punishment procedure. The participants solved a virtual task in which they acquired two operant responses in Phase 1 (Training). Subsequently, all the participants received a pu-nishment procedure (Decrement) to eliminate response 1 (R1), while response 2 (R2) continued to receive reinforcement. One of the groups (ABA) was trained in context A and was punished in context B, while the other group (AAA) remained in the same context throughout both phases. During the test in context A, it was observed that the change in the context during punishment phase only affected R1 showing contextual renewal. These results extend the findings observed in animals to human participants, they are consistent with the contextual renewal observed in other response-decreasing procedures.

Effects of a brief virtual intervention on mindfulness/self-compassion in university professors

Danilo Espinoza — 2025-02-13

Universities need professors capable of countering stress. The practice of mindfulness/self-compassion is a contributing intervention. The objective was to evaluate the effects of a brief virtual mindfulness/self-compassion intervention. A mixed approach was used. Ten postsecondary level professors participated, mostly female. Qualitative data collection was performed through a semi-structured interview. Quantitative data were collected applying mindfulness, self-compassion, and engagement scales. Qualitative results show that teachers show improvement in their well-being, in coping with stressful situations, concentration and more positive relationships. The quantitative results show an increase in the levels of mindfulness and self- compassion. There were no changes in engagement. It is a matter of discussion the need to encourage interventions such as the one described.

Cognitive behavioral intervention to anxiety and pain during a medical procedure

Liliana Rivera Fong — 2025-02-13

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common oncological disease in children under 15 years of age; whose medical treatment is based on high doses of chemotherapy for two or three years. It is estimated that during this period a child receives up to 300 injections, which makes the treatment one of the main causes of pain. The intrathecal chemotherapy is a medical procedure evaluated as painful. The management of pain includes pharmacological treatment and psychological interventions like cognitive-behavioral psychological techniques which have shown moderate evidence of their use. However, there is not enough evidence in the pediatric oncology population. This paper shows a single case report of an eight year old female patient with a diagnosis of ALL undergoing intrathecal chemotherapy without anesthetics due to a medical condition. The patient received psychological intervention based on psychoeducation and deep breathing to manage pain, anxiety, and stress behaviors before a medical procedure. During chemotherapy, behavioral complications occurred that did not interfere with the usual course of the procedure, while anxiety and pain ratings remained at low and moderate scores, respectively. In conclusion, psychoeducation and deep breathing can be effective techniques for the non-pharmacological management of acute pain in pediatric patients undergoing medical procedures, in addition to being viable in hospital contexts since they require a short training time.

Impact of cognitive behavioral strategies in patients with HIV

Lucero Belén Nicasio Guzmán — 2025-02-13

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy has proven to be effective in different contexts that involve people’s mental health; such is the case in suffering from the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) disease, where the person can be affected in their emotions from emotional dysregulation and/or dysfunctional behaviors. This is a clinical case study that aimed to intervene with cognitive and behavioral strategies in a patient from the Ismael Cosío Villegas National Institute of Respiratory Diseases (INER) in Mexico City, with HIV and depressive and anxious symptoms during the coronavirus pandemic. Covid-19, based on a four-session follow-up proposal. The results corroborate the efficacy of this type of therapy in reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression.